What is the function of static wire in lightning protection systems?

In lightning protection systems, the primary function of static wire is to act as a shield. This wire is typically installed above structures, such as buildings or towers, to intercept lightning strikes and direct them safely to the ground. By creating a protective zone, the static wire reduces the chance of direct lightning impacts on critical structures, thereby minimizing damage and allowing the electrical energy to be safely dissipated into the ground.

While options discussing barriers against physical damage or redirection of lightning strikes mention relevant aspects, they do not capture the full context of how the static wire serves as a shield. Its design and placement are intended specifically to provide an umbrella of protection, ensuring that any electrical discharge is contained and managed effectively, rather than just being redirected or serving as a physical barrier.